Desigualdade de renda: entrevista sobre um dos grandes temas da economia (revista do FMI)

Só que não é um problema econômico!
Ou seja, eu contesto que a desigualdade seja um problema econômico; não é enunca foi.
A economia trata da escassez e dos meios mais apropriados, exequíveis, para fazer o máximo com os recursos disponíveis.
A desigualdade é um problema social — portanto, maior que a economia enquanto disciplina — e tem a ver com a produtividade de cada indivíduo ou grupo de indivíduos. Essa produtividade ao nível micro-individual não é um problema econômico estrito senso, e sim uma questão do contexto social, cultural, institucional no qual vive esse indivíduo mal dotado de produtividade em seu trabalho (se é que ele produz algo de útil).
Portanto, trata-se de uma questão maior, que não depende da economia ou dos economistas para ser resolvida. Assim, não cabe esperar que eles resolvam esse problema maior que a economia, muito menos, ainda um representante da tribo como Piketty, que erra no diagnóstico e na prescrição.
Voltarei ao assunto, mas deixo aqui a leitura da entrevista à revista do FMI de Branko Milanovic, recomendando que também sejam lidos os vários trabalhos de Xavier Sala-i-Martin sobre a redução da desigualdade no mundo, independentemente do aumento temporário das desigualdades individuais debtro das nações, o que se explica também por fatores não econômicos, acima, portanto, da capacidade dos economistas de resolvê-los.
Paulo Roberto de Almeida
São Paulo, 26/05/2019

A wide-ranging conversation with a leading scholar of inequality

Dear Colleague, Recently, F&D senior editor Chris Wellisz sat down for an exclusive interview with economics professor Branko Milanovic, a leading scholar of inequality. As a child growing up in Communist Yugoslavia, Milanovic witnessed the protests of 1968, when students occupied the campus of the University of Belgrade and hoisted banners reading “Down with the Red bourgeoisie!” Decades before it became a fashion in economics, inequality would be the subject of his doctoral dissertation at the University of Belgrade. Today, Milanovic teaches economics at the City University of New York and is best known for a breakthrough study of global income inequality from 1988 to 2008, roughly spanning the period from the fall of the Berlin Wall—which spelled the beginning of the end of Communism in Europe—to the global financial crisis. “Branko had a deep influence on global inequality research, particularly with his findings on the elephant curve, which has set the tone for future research,” says Thomas Piketty, author of the bestselling Capital in the Twenty-First Century. Piketty and his collaborators confirmed the findings in a 2018 study, which found that the top 1 percent globally captured twice as much of total growth as the bottom 50 percent from 1980 to 2016. Publishing widely and profusely, Milanovic applied his research to surprising subjects. For example, he conducted an offbeat analysis of Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, arguing that the book is as much about money as love. He estimated the incomes of various characters and looked at how wealth influenced the choice of mates for Austen’s protagonist, Elizabeth Bennet. He did the same for Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina. Read the full interview in English (español, français, عربي, русский, 中文, 日本語) If you have ideas for future F&D articles or would like to share your thoughts on a recent story, write me at rkanani@imf.org. I'd love to hear from you. Sincerely, Rahim Kanani Digital Editor, F&D Magazine International Monetary Fund _____ Connect with F&D: LinkedIn | Facebook Was this email forwarded to you? Sign up for future updates Click here to manage your weekly subscription

This email was sent to pralmeida@mac.comusing GovDelivery Communications Cloud on behalf of: International Monetary Fund · 1900 Pennsylvania Ave NW · Washington, DC · 20431

Kennedy tentou controlar a nuclearização de Israel em 1963 - Foreign Policy

Document of the Week: How JFK Tried to Stop Nuclear Proliferation

When a U.S. president threatened to cut support for Israel over nukes.

Colum Lynch

Foreign Policy, May 24, 2019

For U.S. President Donald Trump, nuclear weapons are the future.

The president is seeking to expand the U.S. nuclear arsenal, pressing for the development of tactical nuclear weapons that can be used in a conventional war. The White House has announced plans to withdraw from the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, citing Russia’s violation of the Cold War pact. In anticipation, Trump has requested almost $100 million in fiscal 2020 to produce three new missile systems that would have been prohibited. The United States has also reversed decades of nuclear nonproliferation policy in the Middle East by developing plans to support a nuclear energy program in Saudi Arabia.

Given Trump’s quest for a more efficient nuclear weapons program, it’s almost hard to imagine how serious previous administrations were about stemming the tide of the nuclear arms race. In 1963, President John F. Kennedy, a champion of nuclear nonproliferation efforts who came perilously close to a nuclear confrontation with the Soviet Union during the Cuban missile Crisis, faced off with Israel’s first prime minister, David Ben-Gurion, over Israel’s secret development—with the help of France, which supplied technological know-how, and Norway, which supplied heavy water—of a nuclear reactor capable of producing plutonium at Dimona. In a letter that was initially directed at Ben-Gurion, Kennedy demanded Israel allow U.S. nuclear inspectors two visits a year to the reactor or face the prospect of “jeopardizing U.S. support if Israel not forthcoming re nuclear buildup,” according to one of a series of declassified documents on the subject published this month by the National Security Archive. Ben-Gurion, who resisted Kennedy’s appeal on the grounds that “the U.S. does not comprehend threat to Israel,” resigned from office before the letter was delivered, according to the declassified chronology of the Kennedy-Ben-Gurion exchange. An identical missive was sent to his successor, Prime Minister Levi Eshkol, who sat on the letter for seven weeks before acquiescing to U.S. demands. The inspections continued until after the inauguration of U.S. President Richard Nixon, who ended them, according to scholars overseeing the declassification process for the National Security Archive.

Will Congress Let Trump Build More Nuclear Weapons?

The administration and Capitol Hill are on a collision course over the future of U.S. nukes.

Air Force’s $166 Billion Budget Would Help Revamp U.S. Nuclear Deterrent

The service would get a significant increase in research and development dollars. 

Trump Accidentally Just Triggered Global Nuclear Proliferation

Before the United States killed it, the INF Treaty didn’t just stem the arms race with Russia—it stopped the spread of nuclear weapons around the world.

Um louco e um professor na montagem de um dicionario - um livro, um filme, uma aventura intelectual

The Surgeon of Crowthorne

·   Wikipedia: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Surgeon_of_Crowthorne?fbclid=IwAR3YGDQ3sc24nfls0XJ_kC5dsl3XwyVc8Hl8o-GG5qMtijd80DcJFauwFIY

"The Professor and the Madman" redirects here. For the film, see The Professor and the Madman (film).

Paperback Edition, Penguin Books UK - 1999

The Surgeon of Crowthorne: A Tale of Murder, Madness and the Love of Words is a book by Simon Winchester that was first published in England in 1998. It was retitled The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary in the United States and Canada.

Contents

It tells the story of the making of the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) and one of its most prolific early contributors, Dr. W. C. Minor, a retired United States Army surgeon. Minor was, at the time, imprisoned in the Broadmoor Criminal Lunatic Asylum, near the village of Crowthorne in Berkshire, England. The 'professor' of the American title is the chief editor of the OED during most of the project, Sir James Murray. Murray was a talented linguist and had other scholarly interests, and he had taught in schools and worked in banking. Faced with the enormous task of producing a comprehensive dictionary, with a quotation illustrating the uses of each meaning of each word, and with evidence for the earliest use of each, Murray had turned to an early form of crowdsourcing (a word not coined until the 21st century)—enlisting the help of dozens of amateur philologists as volunteer researchers.

History of creation

A journalist with three decades of experience, and the author of a dozen travel-inspired books, Winchester's initial proposal to write a book about an obscure lexicographer met with rejection. Only when Harper Collins editor Larry Ashmead read the proposal and championed the book did Winchester pursue the necessary research in earnest.^[1] Of the project Ashmead said "we can make lexicography cool".^[2] It was Ashmead who persuaded Winchester to call the US edition The Professor and the Madman (over Winchester's objection that Murray was not a professor), saying "No one here knows what the hell a Crowthorne is."^[2]

ReceptionEdit

The book was a major success.^[3][4][5] Winchester went on to write The Meaning of Everything: The Story of the Oxford English Dictionary (2003) about the broader history of the OED.

Film adaptation

The movie rights for the book were bought by Mel Gibson's Icon Productions in 1998.^[1] John Boorman wrote a script and was at one time tapped to direct, as was Luc Besson.^[1][6][7] In August 2016 it was announced that Farhad Safinia was to direct an adaptation, called The Professor and the Madman, starring Gibson as Murray and Sean Penn as Minor.^[8]

References

1.     ^ a b c Mel Gussow (December 4, 2006). "The Strange Case of the Madman With a Quotation for Every Word". The New York Times. Retrieved July 17, 2010.

2.     ^ a b Simon Winchester (28 September 2010). "Larry Ashmead obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 February 2012.

3.     ^ review: E.S. Turner, The Lexicographer in the Asylum, Times Literary Supplement, June 26. 1998

4.     ^ review: R. Bernstein, Books of the Times: Searching for a Life, He Found the Language. New York Times, September 16, 1998

5.     ^ List of reviews at complete review

6.     ^ Nicola Christie (21 February 2005). "Sneak preview: It's a Wonderful Life". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 21 February2012.

7.     ^ Zorianna Kit (December 13, 2000). "Icon, Par Refer To Boorman For 'madman' Helm". The Hollywood Reporter(republished by AllBusiness). Retrieved 21 February 2012.

8.     ^ Tatiana Siegel (21 February 2005). "Mel Gibson, Sean Penn to Star in 'Professor and the Madman' (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2 August 2016.

EditionsEdit

·       Winchester, Simon (1998). The Surgeon of Crowthorne: A Tale of Murder, Madness and the Love of Words (hardback ed.). UK: Viking. ISBN 0-670-87862-6.

·       Winchester, Simon (1999). The Surgeon of Crowthorne: A Tale of Murder, Madness and the Oxford English Dictionary (paperback ed.). UK: Penguin. ISBN 0-14-027128-7.

·       Winchester, Simon (1998). The Professor and the Madman: A Tale of Murder, Insanity, and the Making of the Oxford English Dictionary(hardback ed.). US: Harper Collins. ISBN 0-06-017596-6.

·       Winchester, Simon. Der Mann, der die Worter liebte (in German). ISBN 978-3-442-72643-1.

·       Winchester, Simon. Le Fou et le Professeur (in French). ISBN 978-2-253-15082-4.

External links

·       AskOxford.com interview Winchester speaks about the book to John Simpson, Chief Editor of the OED

·       Booknotes interview with Winchester on The Professor and the Madman, November 8, 1998.