O Afeganistão derrotou o Império Britânico, a União Soviética e agora o Império Americano - Foreign Policy

Foreign Policy, July 24, 2021 

Leaving Afghanistan    What happens to the country after the forever war ends?   Read More

“America’s greatest strategic disaster,” is how FP’s Michael Hirsh describes the United States’ war in Afghanistan, which after two decades is coming to an end with the withdrawal of US troops by Aug. 31. It didn’t have to be this way, Hirsh writes, quoting some military historians who believe the war was winnable. But as is, and even as Afghan forces regain some ground in a searing summer offensive, the Taliban is winning the propaganda war, affecting the morale of a “fearful population waiting for reassurance,” writes Lynne O’Donnell from Kabul. Now you can find all of FP’s coverage on the war and what comes after—a refugee crisis, a new strategic corridor for China, a broader reshuffling of geopolitical alliances—in one place, with our “Leaving Afghanistan” portal. There you’ll find our latest reporting, as well as thematic analysis around important topics like peace negotiations, Afghanistan’s neighbors, women in Afghanistan and the prospect of a Taliban takeover. There are few stories more complex, and heartbreaking, than this one, and FP is committed to bringing you insights into all aspects of it. Read selected highlights below:

Why Afghanistan Is America’s Greatest Strategic Disaster   Pompeo's plan to make peace with the resurgent Taliban is a sad reminder of all that went wrong in Afghanistan—and how it could have been otherwise.   READ MORE ›

China and the Taliban Begin Their Romance   Beijing has its eyes set on using Afghanistan as a strategic corridor once U.S. troops are out of the way.   READ MORE ›

‘It Will Not Be Just a Civil War’   Afghanistan’s foreign minister on what may await his country after the U.S. withdrawal.   READ MORE ›

Empire of Graveyards   Nineteen years ago, the United States began its war in Afghanistan. What is it leaving behind?   READ MORE ›

Afeganistão: da Rota da Seda aos conflitos contemporâneos - Carmen Lícia Palazzo

Afeganistão: da Rota da Seda aos conflitos contemporâneos

Carmen Licia Palazzo

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Asian Studies,

Islamic Studies

Muito antes do surgimento do Islã diversas religiões estiveram em contato na Ásia Central, entre elas o budismo, o zoroastrismo, o maniqueísmo e o cristianismo nestoriano. No século VII o monge chinês Xuanzang deixou um relato no qual fez referência à esplêndida vista do vale com as duas colossais estátuas dos budas esculpidos na montanha. O nomadismo sempre foi um fator que dificultou a formação de nacionalidades fortes e abrangentes e, de um modo geral, prevaleceu na região a organização tribal e a fidelidade clânica. De um modo geral toda a Ásia Central apresenta-se ainda hoje como um mosaico de tribos e o Afeganistão é um claro exemplo da diversidade étnica e linguística. Neste contexto analisamos, resumidamente, a atual situação em território afegão, cuja violência permanece mas não se fez presente em outras épocas.

https://www.academia.edu/36084947/Afeganist%C3%A3o_da_Rota_da_Seda_aos_conflitos_contempor%C3%A2neos?email_work_card=view-paper

Afeganistao: do esplendor da Rota da Seda 'a tragedia da guerra contemporanea - Carmen Licia Palazzo

Carmen Licia Palazzo (Centro Universitario de Brasilia - UniCEUB, History) just uploaded a paper on Academia.edu:

Afeganistão: do esplendor da Rota da Seda à tragédia da guerra contemporânea
by Carmen Licia Palazzo

O texto foi apresentado em uma palestra no UniCeub, em Brasília, e faz uma síntese da história do Afeganistão, contextualizando algumas questões relativas aos conflitos contemporâneos.

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Paquistao, Bangladesh: dois paises em estado pre-falimentar...

Quando 200 mil pessoas saem as ruas para demandar que os ateus sejam enforcados, existe algo de errado nesse país.
Quando a intolerância atinge tais níveis de expressão, justamente contra a liberdade de expressão (como já havíamos visto no Paquistão, no Irã, na própria Grã-Bretanha, desde o episódio dos Versos Satânicos de Salman Rushdie, novamente no caso das caricaturas dinamarquesas e incontáveis outros exemplos desse mesmo tipo), então o país inteiro está contaminado pelo ódio religioso, pela mais baixa manifestação dos espíritos totalitários, estamos a caminho de um Estado falimentar.
Isso explica, aliás, as madrassas de lavagem cerebral nas crianças, e o estoque infindável de homens bomba...
Afeganistão, Paquistão, Bangladesh, o que será desses países?
No Irã, a teocracia vai um dia deixar de existir, e a população educada vai novamente tomar conta dos destinos do país. Mas em países onde a própria elite foge de suas responsabilidades, o futuro se apresenta negro, se me permitem (ainda) tal expressão (eu não disse preto...). Isso inclui, perto de nós, o Haiti, também um Estado pré-falimentar, mantido pela assistência pública internacional, e que assim continuará pelos próximos anos (ou décadas).
Paulo Roberto de Almeida 

‘Atheists must be hanged’: Raw video from Islamist street clashes in Bangladesh

Posted by Max Fisher on May 6, 2013 at 11:20 am

What began as an Islamist protest in the Bangladeshi capital of Dhaka, calling for tougher anti-blasphemy laws, ended in street fighting that police say killed 15 people.

The protesters were so numerous that they blocked entire freeways, according to an AFP report, which says they chanted, “One point, One demand: Atheists must be hanged.”

A video, above, shows raw footage from the fighting. Some of the protesters have apparently set car tires on fire. At one point, riot police can be seen firing into the crowds, presumably with rubber bullets. Another shot shows an entire street in flames.

Police gave varying figures for the size of the demonstration, though some estimated as many as 100,000 or even 200,000. Even if that’s inflated, it’s still a sign of the apparent force behind this movement. A number of the protesters reportedly came from outside the capital for the demonstration, part of a rising movement demanding harsher punishment for “insults” to Islam.

“This government does not have faith in Allah,” one protester told the AFP, referencing Bangladesh’s officially secular constitution, adopted in 1972. “This is an atheist government, we will not allow them to live in Bangladesh. Muslims are brothers, we must protect Islam.”

The violence seems to have begun when police approached some stick-wielding protesters; it’s not clear who began the fighting, but it escalated dramatically.

Bangladeshi Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has resisted demands for tougher anti-blasphemy legislation, both because of the government’s secular constitution and because, as she points out, the country already has such laws. She pointed out, as a way of calming the dissent, that the government has already arrested four bloggers for “derogatory comments” about Islam. That probably has not done much to calm Bangladesh’s Hindu minority or other non-Muslims in the country.