Mutatis mutandis, o que diz o presidente russo sobre seu país, e o programa de reformas que ele promete empreender, poderia ser aplicado ao Brasil. Infelizmente, aqui sequer se cogita de um debate sobre as reformas necessárias a um crescimento mais sustentado e sustentável. O assunto simplesmente não está na pauta dos congressistas, não está na agenda do Executivo, não está sequer na ordem do dia para a maior parte dos brasileiros.
Os congressistas, como é sabido, pretendem apenas (melhor dito, exigem) maiores nacos do orçamento, para seus projetos provinciais (paroquiais seria o termo mais preciso), e querem continuamente cargos e prebendas estatais, para alimentar suas burras (eu disse burras no sentido antigo, mas podem tomar como quiserem) e suas ambições por mais riqueza e poder.
O Executivo quer ter sucesso no desempenho das funções, como é óbvio, mas o partido principal de sustentação do poder quer mais cargos, mais dinheiro, mais monopólio sobre a vida pública (e até a privada) e quer moldar o país à sua imagem e semelhança (que é de um socialismo esclerosado).
Quanto à opinião pública, bem, esta não existe simplesmente. Ou temos várias...
Os "jornalões" -- como dizem aqueles que pretendem controlar a mídia -- reproduzem o que pensam seus proprietários, que é a imagem de um capitalismo moderado, mas também com muito ativismo estatal, pois ninguém aqui pensa realmente numa sociedade livre, liberal e aberta.
Os empresários procuram as soluções que podem estar ao alcance: cansaram de lutar contra os tributos altos, e aí se dedicam a seus esportes preferidos: sobreviver num ambiente hostil, pedir uma ajuda subsidiada ao BNDES, implorar com a associação de classe por mais proteção, ou então desistir e vender para um sócio estrangeiro ou se expatriar para a China ou outros lugares.
As pessoas comuns, bem, estas querem consumir, obviamente, e se possível obter um emprego público, que é onde se pode ganhar bem com esforço moderado, tendo, sobretudo, estabilidade, tranquilidade e uma pensão supostamente garantida.
Este é o Brasil, se ouso dizer, um país mais socialista que a China, mais dirigista que a Rússia, quase tão bagunçado quanto a Índia, com políticos tão ou mais corruptos que a Itália e o Japão, e que importa todos os maus hábitos americanos, sobretudo esse horrível de entrar no cinema com barris de pipocas e baldes de refrigerantes...
Não creio que estejamos prontos para reformar o que quer que seja no futuro previsível, any time soon, e tampouco acho que o presidente russo vai conseguir implementar seu grande projeto de um capitalismo virtuoso, e não mais mafioso, na Rússia. Mas ele pelo menos expor publicamente quais eram suas intenções. Se elas são puramente eleitorais, os cidadãos russos vão constatar depois, e de toda forma poderão trocar de presidente nas eleicões seguintes.
Por aqui, vamos ficando na mesmice de sempre...
Paulo Roberto de Almeida
Medvedev launches pro-reform manifesto
By Catherine Belton, Charles Clover and Neil Buckley in St Petersburg
Financial Times, June 17 2011
Dmitry Medvedev: ‘We need to get out of old habits.’ Russia’s president, speaks during the opening address of the St Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF)
Dmitry Medvedev set out a strong pro-reform economic manifesto on Friday, calling for an end to an era of state domination over the Russian economy and for an acceleration of privatisations including the sale of controlling stakes in big state companies.
In a speech that observers said appeared to set out a platform for his re-election as Russian president, Mr Medvedev warned against opting for stability over policies that he said would limit excessive state interference in the economy and boost private investment. This was the only way of ensuring the competitiveness of the Russian economy, he said.
“We need to get out of old habits. It is not right to rely only on stable gradual growth. Behind this notorious stability could lie the next stagnation,” the Russian president told an auditorium packed with hundreds of foreign and Russian business leaders gathered for the annual St Petersburg economic forum.
The potential of strengthening the state’s role in the economy “has been exhausted”, he said. “Such an economic model leads to . . . knee jerk steps that decide only one question: how to preserve what exists.” He added: “We are not building state capitalism.”
The comments appeared to a direct swipe at the politics of Vladimir Putin, his predecessor who now serves as prime minister but still operates as Russia’s paramount leader after tightening the state’s grip over the economy during his two terms in power. Neither of the two leaders have ruled out running for president in elections in 2012.
Calling for private enterprise to dominate the Russian economy, Mr Medvedev said the government’s current privatisation programme was “too modest”. He called on the government to expand by August 1 current plans for a $32bn sell off of minority stakes in state companies to include the sale of controlling holdings.
The domination of state-controlled companies has led to “low entrepreneurial activity and investment activity” which is threatening “the loss of the Russian economy’s competitiveness”.
“Such an economic model poses a danger for the country’s future. This is not my choice,” he said.
“My choice is different. Private entrepreneurship and private investment should dominate the Russian economy . . . My choice is a policy that would ensure the maximum opportunity for economic activity for millions of citizens . . . defended by law and by the entire might of the state.”
“My choice is the formation of an economy of a high quality of life over the decades to come.”
Arkady Dvorkovich, the president’s most senior economic adviser, later told reporters that the expanded privatisation plans could also include the sale of a controlling stake in Rosneft, the national oil champion that became the country’s top oil producer through its controversial takeover during Mr Putin’s presidency of Yukos, the oil major belonging to jailed oil tycoon Mikhail Khodorkovsky.
The Russian president said he was also calling for steps that would strengthen an attempt to clamp down on corruption by allowing officials suspected of corruption to be fired for this even if the crime could not be proved in court.
“We need to push out those who spit on the law” including “investigators who turn unjustified criminal probes into instruments for raiding” business, he said.
Mr Medvedev also said that he would continue a push to improve the court system and called for a transfer of greater decision-making power from federal authorities in Moscow to regional and municipal governments.
“If everything only begins to work only on a signal from the Kremlin then it means the system is not capable of surviving . . . and should be seriously changed.”
The Russian president said his programme for modernising the country should be realised “independently of who holds what office in the next few years. I am personally responsible for this as the president of the country.”
But observers said the president appeared to be setting out a platform for re-election. “As a former politician, I saw all the signs of a man who is getting ready to run for office again,” Lord Peter Mandelson, the former European commissioner and UK politician, told the Financial Times.
Copyright The Financial Times Limited 2011.
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